Maritime Piracy

Introduction Maritime piracy is an increasingly deadly danger to all that work at sea. It poses danger to the maritime commerce and global economy. This is in addition to limiting the basic right enjoyed by humanity to travel securely and liberally thereby crippling the tourism industry. Maritime piracy is a leading economic and national security threat. It is an onslaught on global economy. This is in consideration that over 80% of international trade is conducted through marine transportation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Maritime Piracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Main Body Maritime Piracy as Security and Economic Threat Among the least understood international security danger is the struggle to contain piracy in the Gulf of Aden, Somalia, and the Indian Ocean. Unfortunately, these are not the only fronts where piracy is a menace since it does not affect the daily lives of most people compared to cyber crime or terrorism. Cargo owners, insurance companies, and shippers are directly affected. The security measures that companies have to put in place increase the cost of shipping. Consequently, the price of goods increases thereby affecting consumers and eventually the economy (Farrell, 2012). Maritime piracy is increasing becoming a danger to global trade. For the United States, it is actually a national security issue given that pirates are establishing links to international terrorism. Previously, payments have been made to pirates hence expanding their activities and consequently driving up the costs of maritime trade. Pirates have used these funds to support terrorism activities in diverse regions including the Middle East and homegrown terrorism in the US. Pirates strategically position themselves in routes that disrupt main maritime transportation routes between Asia and Europe. It affects the flow of manufactured goods and commodities along the Horn of Africa. This acts as the strategic trade route that connects maritime commerce between the west and the east at the Gulf of Aden. In addition to the threat it poses to transportation, it destabilizes the entire maritime sector. The attacks perpetrated by pirates shatter global shipping industry at a time when the sector faces serious economic and financial hurdles (Carafano Rodeback, 2011). Combating Maritime Piracy In essence, piracy is a transnational security and economic issue. As such, it should be countered using a multidimensional approach. The strategy should focus on security, prevention, international relations, and preclusion. The approach has been embraced by Indonesia and Italy.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The vast of the international community including the US has stepped up support for Kenya in combating piracy, and by extension terrorism, along the Kenya and Somali coastline . Indonesia has an exceptional evidence of fighting piracy. The cooperative patrol system adopted by Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia has proved to be effective. The patrols carried out in the Strait of Malacca have proved to be an effective anti-piracy program (Carafano Rodeback, 2011). Every country should commit full-fledge efforts in creating awareness regarding piracy. In addition, appropriate measures should be developed to keep seas safe and protect shippers and the industry. The measures taken by the US government should be augmented with the strategies adopted by Indonesia. This includes combining efforts with enhanced regional and multilateral collaboration with diverse organizations. Unearthing and combating the root cause as deterrence should be prioritized. Dismantling criminal groups is another effective way of combating piracy. This has been proved effective by the Kenya Defense Forces’ dismantling of Al-Shabab terror networks in Somali and their continued s tay in Somali and surveillance of the Indian Ocean high seas and the coastline. Conclusion It is in the interest of global economy that piracy should be viewed as a leading source of security and economic threat. Since maritime piracy leads to disruption of maritime trade flow, it affects the world as commodity prices increase. It is imperative to enhance the quality of international security commitment to combat piracy. The current trend in international cooperation is encouraging but much more require doing. References Carafano, J. J., Rodeback, J. (2011). Taking the fight to the pirates: Applying counterterrorist methods to the threat of piracy. Web. Farrell, L. P. (2012). Piracy: A threat to maritime security and the global economy. Web. This essay on Maritime Piracy was written and submitted by user Jamal Shepherd to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

40 Synonyms for Praise

40 Synonyms for Praise 40 Synonyms for Praise 40 Synonyms for Praise By Mark Nichol Last week, I offered a list of synonyms for the word criticize. To avert criticism (admonishment, censure, chastising, and so on), I offer here a roster of synonyms for its antonym, praise, in that word’s verb form as well as when it’s used as a noun. 1. Acclaim: To applaud or praise; also a noun referring to the action of applause or cheering. 2. Acknowledge: To recognize someone or something for services rendered; the word also has the connotation of â€Å"to confirm rights or authority.† 3. Adore: To honor or worship in a religious sense, although its meaning has extended to â€Å"to be fond of, to admire.† 4. Adulate: â€Å"To express excessive praise.† This rarely used verb form of adulation has a connotation of flattery. (See flatter below.) 5. Applaud: To express approval in general, as well as to clap hands or otherwise praise nonverbally. 6. Belaud: To praise, but the sense is of excessive acclaim. 7. Bless: To praise or to glorify in a religious sense; the word also has a secular sense of â€Å"to approve† as well as â€Å"to favor† (the latter in usage such as â€Å"blessed with remarkable talent†). 8. Carol: To praise with song, or in a like manner. 9. Celebrate: To publicly honor in a secular sense as well as a religious one. 10. Chant: A close synonym of carol and hymn. 11. Cheer: To cheer in applause or to express triumph. 12. Cite: To formally call attention to for praise. However, this term also has an opposite meaning of â€Å"to reprimand,† as well as the senses of â€Å"to quote† or â€Å"to refer to,† so the context should be clear. 13. Commemorate: To observe a ceremony of remembrance, or to provide a memorial. 14. Commend: To praise with approval, or to recommend. 15. Compliment: To communicate respect or admiration for someone to that person or another. 16. Crack up: Slang used to refer to someone or something that may or may not be as worthy of praise as previously thought; generally restricted to phrases such as â€Å"not all it’s cracked up to be.† 17. Deify: To glorify, as if to equate the person being praised with a god; this sense coexists with the literal religious sense of according someone the status of a god. 18. Emblazon: Originally meant to inscribe or decorate a heraldic device or bearings; now, the sense is extended to praising, especially in writing, as if to permanently establish the subject as praiseworthy. 19. Eulogize (British English: eulogise): To praise in speech or writing; usually, the connotation is that the subject of praise is deceased. 20. Exalt: To praise extensively. 21. Extol (or extoll): To praise generously. 22. Fete: To honor with a celebration, or to honor in general. 23. Flatter: To praise insincerely or only for selfish motives. The word also has similar senses of â€Å"to depict with excessive favor† or â€Å"to present to one’s advantage,† as well as â€Å"to deceive, as in â€Å"I flatter myself that I acted wisely.† 24. Glorify: To praise with the intent of making the subject appear glorious, but it also means â€Å"to make something or someone seem to be better than it or they really is.† 25. Hail: To greet enthusiastically as a show of approval; the term also has a mundane sense of â€Å"to call or greet.† 26. Honor: To express respect or admiration. 27. Hymn: A close synonym of carol and chant. 28. Idolize: To worship, with a connotation of excessive praise. 29. Laud: To praise; also, capitalized, a religious ceremony. (The adjective form is laudable.) 30. Magnify: To praise, in the sense, as the etymology suggests, of making someone or something appear greater than they or it is. 31. Mention: To identify someone or something for mild praise, often in the form of a consolation prize called â€Å"Honorable Mention.† 32. Rave: To praise enthusiastically. 33. Recognize: To publicly thank someone for their service or otherwise indicate appreciation. 34. Recommend: To endorse or propose as commendable, in addition to the more pedestrian connotations such as â€Å"to advise.† 35. Renown: To offer praise. (In its more common noun form, it means â€Å"fame.†) 36. Resound: To praise, or to become one praised, with the sense of loud approval. The word has an additional sense, more commonly used, of echoing or reverberating. 37. Rhapsodize: To praise excessively, from the noun form, rhapsody, which refers to a literary work that rouses emotions (originally, it denoted recitation of an epic poem). 38. Salute: To praise or honor, in addition to the sense of gesturing to show respect or to otherwise acknowledge someone as a courtesy. 39. Tout: To promote or endorse. It also means â€Å"to spy,† especially in the sense of obtaining information about a racehorse to improve one’s betting odds. 40. Worship: To extravagantly praise, as if the subject were a deity. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Grammar Mistakes You Should AvoidPeople versus PersonsApostrophe with Plural Possessive Nouns

Applied Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Applied Business Ethics - Essay Example In marketing, ethics are extremely vital as they affect the performance of an organization (Cohen, 2007). Ethics is the principles one uses to make an outright decision. Marketing sections face their own set of ethical dilemma-related problems concerning pricing, product development, distribution and advertisements. Many organizations may be faced by a dilemma in choosing the advertisement approach to take (Harding, 2010). This is evident on whether to adopt sexual and emotional appeal advertisements as part of the marketing strategy. Justification The use of sexually appealing advertisements has been on the rise in the recent past years. It is becoming more blatant as marketers are trying to find ways to overcome the media clutters. These adverts are integrated with persuasive sexual information (Liu, Li & Cheng, 2006). Such techniques are intentionally controversial in order to grab the attention of an individual, thus, creating the product awareness. Although this approach of adve rtising is popular, it faces criticism due to the ethical dilemmas surrounding it. Emotional appeal, on the other hand, is based on three ideas. The consumer does not pay much attention to the advertisement. Secondly, consumers do not notice rational appeals unless they are looking for the product being advertised. Last and most prominent, use of emotional adverts, attempts to capture the attention of the viewer and link the consumer to the product being advertised. The use of sex and emotional appealing adverts have led to the growth of many businesses because of the homogenous belief that consumer needs, and interest are alike (Chan et al., 2007). However, organizations are faced by ethical challenges when adopting them. Therefore, an organization should critically decide the marketing approach to adopt. The cultural image of the organization is mainly founded by products and services they offer. Adverts integrated with sex appealing images are at times seen to be pornographic. Th is often leads to the notion that the organization promotes it, which adversely affects the image of the organization. The use of the female sexual icons in the adverts may also lead to distortion of many norms and beliefs, especially the young and innocent people who cannot distinguish the appropriate content of the advert (Foley, 1999). This often derails the values of the community at large. The use of emotional appeal contexts has been criticised ethically. It has been argued that businesses utilizing emotional appeal tend to exploit the viewers’ emotions. Businesses may be marketing a flawed product or a product which can bring harm to the society, but due to the emotional attachments the viewer has developed, one may end up buying it. It may also persuade one to buy what might not be needed. Ethical decisions making The ethical decision making process of solving this dilemma should be based on the two approaches; teleology and deontology. The deontological methodology i s concerned with the notions of universal truths, values and principles, to be followed irrespective of the situation. The categorical imperative stated by Kant, dictates that faced by a situation, one should respond in a way which is consistent and conforms to the ethical principles. He should also be content and comfortable with the decision made with full consideration of others. Therefore, in deciding on the effective marketing

Job Application Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Job Application Questions - Essay Example I respond to daily inquires by telephone and in written correspondence. Most of this communication explains why a claim was denied. To appropriately identify whether a claim was denied in error I reference CPD/CSC desk procedures to research each denial. For instance, if a claim was denied for a code196, surgery not authorized in ASC, I reference the CPD/CSC desk procedures to research whether the code is found in Tricare’s ASC list and in Medicare’s list. I then use the X-code job aide to verify the correct code was used to process the claim. The CHAMPVA policies and regulations are designed to outline the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Medicare, Tricare, and CHAMPVA follow rules and regulations listed in the CFR. CHAMPVA follows Tricare’s policy, guidelines, and allowable rates. As a CSR it is important for me to cite various federal codes to providers, sponsors, and beneficiaries. This is especially true when it comes to timely filing, allowable rates, and cost sharing given that these are the areas that are most often appealed. For instance, the Code of Federal Regulations (38 CFR 17.275) outlines a claim filing deadline. With CHAMPVA it is one year from date of service (DOS) for outpatient services but for inpatient services it is one year from discharge date. In the case of retroactive approval, it is 180 days following beneficiary notification of authorization. In the 38 CFR 17.276 outline the appeal and review process for CHAMPVA for claim denials, providers and beneficiaries have one year from denial date to submit an appeal, and 90 days to submit a second level appeal after the initial appeal denial. I use EncoderPro for Internet sufficient research to evaluate sources and appropriately analyze information. To properly answer calls on whether a benefit is covered, using EncoderPro helps me navigate the CHAMPVA policy manual to find the

Transactional Leadership VS. Transformational Leadership Essay

Transactional Leadership VS. Transformational Leadership - Essay Example According to some sources, this technique of leadership is comprises of four key aspects. The relationship between the person in charge and the populace depends on the swap over level. Therefore, the great exchange value translates to stronger relations. The barter approach is another characterizing the above leadership. This is because the leader expects returns for the services rendered to the people (Beerel, 2009). The leader pursues outlay gain economic trade in order to meet people’s substance and intuitive needs in return for constricted services by inferiors. Additionally, transactional leadership does not change the organizational structure. Therefore, it is evident that this form of leadership system is all about necessities, state of affairs and loot. According to James Macgregor, transformational leadership theory is built on a clear vision of the people’s goals. In the above system, leaders and supporters work in unison thus progressing to greater heights in the business performance (Lussier, 2009). The strength of their dream and character enables such to motivate other workers thus achieving the organization’s goals easily. Similarly, the transformational leadership also encompasses of four aspects. One of them is the individualized contemplation. This entails the submission of support and encouragement to the workers. In order, to further maintain good relations, leaders uphold open lines of contact in order to encourage the employees to share their views on all issues. In addition to the above, the transformational leaders ought to recommend direct acknowledgment of other individual’s contributions (Lussier, 2009). Secondly, the rational inspiration transformational leadership utilizes each other’s resourcefulness. This is made possible as workers endeavor to discover new habits, which create opportunities. Thirdly, there is the element of heartening enthusiasm. Transformational leaders encompass a clear vision that

Food Insecurity In Bangladesh Economics Essay

Food Insecurity In Bangladesh Economics Essay The international community often uses the term food security to describe not only the availability of food, but the ability to purchase food. It means not only a reliable source of food but also adequate resources to purchase it. When members of a family do not live in a hunger or fear for starvation then the family considered as food secure.. According to the World Food Summit(1996), Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Generally, the notion of food security is defined as counting both physical and economic access to food that meets peoples dietary needs as well as their food preferences. This definition of food security is built on three principal elements: adequate food availability, adequate access to food and appropriate food utilization. Food security occupies a significant position in social and political constancy of a country. Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger is the First Millennium Development Goal (MDG 1) targeted by United Nations(2012). The apprehension of this goal would not only improve the health and well-being of millions around the globe, but it would also maintain the attainment of the remaining seven MDGs. Food insecurity which is a condition that exists when people do not have adequate physical, social, or economic access to food(Food and Agricultural Organization [FAO], 2010 p8). Eradicating hunger and food insecurity is mostly important providing it is a key risk factor for malnutrition and illness, which jointly reduce productivity and economic development(Motiur Rahman et al.). Although the number and proportion of hungry and malnourished people has retreated slightly since the 2009 economic and food price crisis, an estimated 870 million people will be hungry in 2012(FAO, 2012). Little progress in poverty reduction is likely to be seen whereas hunger and malnutrition remain extensive. In other words, poverty, hunger and poor health are interlinked; the rate of each contributes to the presence and persistence of the others. Figure 1 is a conceptual framework interpreting the linkages to desired outcomes (central and upper half of the diagram) and potential risks (lower half). Source: Webb and Rogers, Addressing the In in Food Insecurity(2003) This framework recommends that food availability obtains from domestic agricultural output such as cash crops, livestock and food crops, preferably through feasible use of natural resources (water, land and vegetation). At the national level net food imports enhance the total food availability from domestic sources. Food access deals with the capability of households to secure food in the marketplace or from other sources (transfers, gifts, etc.). Household purchasing power is the key to access and this varies in relation to market integration, price policies, and temporal market conditions. Food utilization organizes issues of food quality and safety, sufficiency of intake at the individual level, and the conversion efficiency of food by the body that results in sound nutritional status and growth. In the latter illustration, the disruption of health infrastructure, lack of nutrition education and discrimination against women in controlling resources all have a detrimental impact on individual outcomes(Webb and Rogers). Bangladesh is a small country in southern Asia. According to the 2011 census, the population of Bangladesh in 2011 was about 149 million(Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics). Bangladesh is home to a densely populated flood plain delta in the world with 1,062 people per square kilometer(PRB, 2012). It regularly suffers from natural disasters such as floods, cyclones and drought. It is also vulnerable to the growing effects of global climate change. Tendency to natural disasters, distribution and quality of agricultural land, access to education and health facilities, level of infrastructure development, employment opportunities, and dietary and caring practices are the main factors of food in security in Bangladesh. Food availability likely to be hampered by production failures associated with labor restraints, gender inequality in land possession and loss of productive assets needed to sustain household food production(Maxwell and Smith, 1992). The adequate production, distribution and availability of fundamental food items in Bangladesh have always been a cause of ineterst for governments, international donor organizations and socio-economic researchers. Rice is the staple food of Bangladesh and contains around 94 percent of all food grains produced per annum Food security, in the context of Bangladesh, is therefore strongly related around the production, import and price stability of rice. Food availability in the domestic market does not essentially guarantee food security for the masses. According to the BBS Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010(BBS), 31.5 percent of households in Bangladesh have income that is considered to be below the poverty line, and a substantial portion of the se poor households suffer from food deficiency and malnutrition. The major reason for food insecurity in Bangladesh is poverty, which is both the cause and outcome of food insecurity. Poor households are lack of sufficient and nutritious food, and are likely to be food insecure. Food insecure people may have to sell or consume their productive assets to satisfy their instant food needs. This destabilizes their longer-term income potential and they may become poor. To analysis food security, both national and individual perspectives are important. Food security at the national level means there are sufficient stocks of food available in the country to meet domestic needs until such time as stocks can be refilled from harvests and /or imports. On the other hand, at individual level it means all members of the society have access to the food they require, either from their own production, from marketplace and/or from different transfer system of the government. Usually the national lev el food security masks the actual food security situation at the household level. National level analysis always evaluates the availability and requirement of food grains. It has to be understood that availability and supply are not always the same. Household purchasing power has major impact on access to food. This purchasing power fluctuates in relation to market integration, price policies and temporal market situations. The dominant food rice contributing to over 63 percent of the caloric intake for urban consumers and over 71 percent for the rural population based on 2010 household survey data by BBS(BBS, 2010). These percentages are much higher for the poor. A number of factors in Bangladesh prevent poor households or individuals from accessing food even adequate food supplies are available. The level of earnings may be too low to purchase the essential foods at existing prices from the market, lack of own land for cultivation, or may lack the fundamental resources or approach to credit to help handle with difficult times. Moreover, they may locate themselves exterior to any community support or program that offers them with in-kind or cash transfers to subsidize their food attainment capability. Food security has been a c ritical issue in the recent past regime of high food prices across the globe. In rural Bangladesh, agricultural wage employment is the major source of income for a poor household. Though, household members may be attached in a whole range of diverse liveliness throughout the year. A household becomes vulnerable to cyclical food when it depends on agricultural wage labor as this employment opening differs according to season. Through the lean seasons that are in March-April and October-November, earlier to harvesting the main rice crops, job opportunities are low. As a result there are low wage rates whereas food prices are at their peak. Earnings derived from non-agricultural sources supplies a potential safeguard across the cyclical nature of agricultural income which in turn can improve household food security. Vulnerability can be defined as the exposure and sensitivity to livelihood shocks, a concept that begins with the notion of risk(Greenblott, 2006). Households in Bangladesh experience a multiplicity of risks that can, independently or in combination, drag them into poverty. There are shocks that involve numerous households directly, likely to overcome social coping approaches established upon support inside families and communities, and there are case-specific shocks that stress involved units. By lowering exposure to risks and rising the households capability to deal with shocks vulnerability can be curtailed, but responses count on the extent and severity of damage. Damage caused by natural disasters is one of the major risks encountered by poor Bangladeshi households. Huge damage to crops, houses, livestock, household and community properties occurred by floods, cyclones erosions and droughts. In each year this disasters can lead to illness and death. Physical access to food and f ood stocks are hampered by disaster, it destroys crops as a result markets are temporarily dysfunctional that lead to an increase in the essential food price. Household food security status affected by natural disasters directly by crippling their asset base and indirectly by loss of employment opportunities, an increase in health expenditure and an increase in essential food expenditure(Coates et al.). Market availability of, and household access to food are not adequate to ensure food security. In what way household members utilize the food is also very important. Socio-cultural factors that determine the availability of food, access to and utilization of food affects the food consumption behavior, nutritional status, health and food security. Poverty, gender, age and disability, geographical location and cultural practices are important factors that affect food consumption patterns. Poverty directly influences food consumption due to lack of access to resources, knowledge and markets. Gender disparities in food distribution can cause malnutrition, especially for pregnant/lactating mothers and children(Coates et al., 2006). Lack of incomes is the principal driver of under-consumption and malnutrition for approximately 31.5 percent of Bangladeshis who live under the poverty line(BBS, 2010). Households that lack productive assets and depend on inconsistent sources of daily wage labo r are more vulnerable to food insecurity. Groups such as landless, agricultural day laborers, casual fishermen and beggars fall into this category. Within households, children, the disabled, pregnant women and nursing mothers, and the elderly face relatively high nutritional risks. Over 60 percent of all pregnant and lactating women have insufficient caloric intake, which can produce malnourished babies(World Food Programme [WFP]). General nutritional awareness, access to proper sanitation and health care, and caring practices are essential elements of an individuals capacity to absorb and utilize the nutrients in the diet and eventually of ones food security status. Other than consumption levels, different household characteristics can also show improvement in the standard of living. While standard of living and food security are anticipated to be highly linked, it would not be unexpected to find these characteristics to be related with food security issues. Therefore, it would be rational to anticipate that households with better qualities are also demonstrating lesser level of food insecurity. Quality of housing and food security level are closely related in Bangladesh(Narayan et al., 2007). Rushad Faridi and Syed Naimul Wadood(2010) stated in their study, households which are living in houses built with straw roofs (hemp/hay/bamboo) are the poorest segment of the population. Similarly, households living in houses with straw roofs, food insecurity is the most prevalent. On the other part, houses with brick wall seem to be the most food secure. These two surveillances show that household infrastructure is a strong indicator of wealth and conseq uentially, the food security situation. After categorizing the households by the level of ownership, occupancy status has an important role in determining the household welfare situation. Compared to other groups house owners are better off in terms of food security. Households, with their head engaged in salaried wage employment, are around 10 per cent more likely to be food insecure than households with their head in agricultural labour. In the same manner, electricity connection is also a marker showing higher orders of food-insecurity surrounded by the households which have no electricity connection. Education is clearly connected with food security issues with the assumption that household heads with more human wealth are prone to suffer less from food insecurity. Food insecurity is a key apprehension for the global development community as it negatively impacts diet and nutritional status. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have shown that household food insecurity is also linked with various non-nutritional consequences in children, adolescents, and adults(Weaver and Hadley, 2009), including poor infant feeding(Saha et al., 2008), poor physical growth(Saha et al., 2009), poor child development(Hernandez and Jacknowitz, 2009, Jyoti et al., 2005), educational achievement(Jyoti et al., 2005), poor physical and mental health(Heflin et al., 2005, Siefert et al., 2004), behavioral problems and problems in parenting(Huang et al.,2010). These findings have guide to apprehension that household food insecurity influences well-being through multiple pathways involving social and psychological conditions such as deprivation, worry, distress, alienation, and alteration of family interactions as well as a pathway involving dietary intake to nutritio nal status(McCurdy and Gorman). These quantitative findings and the related concepts of non-nutritional pathways are supported by qualitative work showing that food insecurity, in addition to its nutrition-related effects, manifests itself through social and psychological conditions leading to altered behavior at individual and group levels. There are various social and psychological consequences of food insecurity in Bangladesh. First, anxiety and worries, concerning not having food for consumption or other social and religious needs and regarding determinants of food availability such as flood, cyclones, drought persist throughout the year, lead to weight and sleep loss, and point out more severe food insecurity. Second, influence of socially undesirable ways of coping with food insecurity (borrowing and asking for foods) generates dishonor which contributes to and is a sign of isolation from the society. Failure by the head of household to perform his primary accountability of providing food leads to feeling guilt and deprivation. Fear of isolation and deprivation regulates the decision-making of the household related to treatment of food insecurity, including child feeding. Lastly, food insecurity changes intra-household attachment through irritability and aggressiveness in adults, and by lack of food that makes it t ough for parents to keep children at home. The weakness of social model is that it gives the blame on victims those who are food insecure as well as it pointing the finger at deficiencies in public policy and behavior of the administration. Regarding victim blaming, the ill health caused by food insecurity is not due to exclusively individual actions. Some people argued that there should be more responsibilities on the shoulders of individuals for adopting lifestyles which will diminish the risks of becoming their ill health from food insecurity. On the other hand it is not the victims who are responsible for their behavior and ill health from the food crisis. Peoples are influenced and restrained by the social, economic, cultural and physical environments in which they live and the structural settings within which they work. Thus the governments failure to provide proper investments to reduce the food crisis may damaging the health of the vulnerable groups. Bangladesh needs to improve the availability, access, and utilization of food. Efforts to improve food security need to take into account natural and man-made challenges and changes in the domestic and international landscape, including population growth, urbanization, natural resource constraints, and climate change. In general population growth and particularly urbanization put high and growing pressure on land, making it obligatory to increase in agricultural productivity. Millions of marginal and small farms dominate the agricultural production in Bangladesh whereas crop diversification is still limited. Smallholders need to conform to changing demands, markets, and supply chains. Furthermore, the soil is seriously degraded in many parts of the country, fresh water availability for irrigation is increasingly insufficient, and natural disasters regularly damage part of the agricultural output The future food security plan needs to maintain successes in areas where positive trends have been seen; whereas, at the same time, achieving certain milestones that have not yet received enough attention. Public investment is one of the most direct and valuable instruments that governments can use to promote growth, food security, and poverty and hunger reduction. Given both the existing state of food insecurity in Bangladesh and the challenges that the country will face in the future, a comprehensive policy framework is needed that places focus on investment strategies in three major areas: (1) agricultural research and extension, (2) improved access of farmers to well-functioning markets, and (3) improved insurance and targeted social safety net programs for vulnerable groups, especially undernourished women and children. Across these three areas, attention needs to be focused on capacity building and good governance. BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS (2011) Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011. Dhaka, Statistics and Informatics Division,Ministry of Planning,GoB. BBS (2010) HIES Survey Report 2010. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. COATES, J., WEBB, P., HOUSER, R., ROGERS, B. WILDE, P. He said, she said : who should speak for households about experiences of food insecurity in Bangladesh? Food Security, 2, 81-95. COATES, J., WILDE, P. E., WEBB, P., ROGERS, B. L. HOUSER, R. F. (2006) Comparison of a Qualitative and a Quantitative Approach to Developing a Household Food Insecurity Scale for Bangladesh. The Journal of Nutrition, 136, 1420S-1430S. FAO (2012) The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2012. Rome, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. FARIDI, R. WADOOD, S. N. (2010) An Econometric Assessment of Household Food Security in Bangladesh The Bangladesh Development Studies XXXIII, 97-111. FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION [FAO] (2010) The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2010. Rome, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS (FAO) (1996) Rome Declaration on World Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of Action. Rome, Deputy Director General (Operations). GREENBLOTT, K. (2006) Social Protection in the Era of HIV and AIDS: Examining the Role of Food-Based Interventions. Rome, World Food Programme (WFP). HEFLIN, C. M., SIEFERT, K. WILLIAMS, D. R. (2005) Food insufficiency and womens mental health: Findings from a 3-year panel of welfare recipients. Social Science and Medicine, 61, 1971-1982. HERNANDEZ, D. C. JACKNOWITZ, A. (2009) Transient, but not persistent, adult food insecurity influences toddler development. Journal of Nutrition, 139, 1517-1524. HUANG, J., OSHIMA, K. M. M. KIM, Y. Does food insecurity affect parental characteristics and child behavior? testing mediation effects. Social Service Review, 84, 381-401. JYOTI, D. F., FRONGILLO, E. A. JONES, S. J. (2005) Food insecurity affects school childrens academic performance, weight gain, and social skills. Journal of Nutrition, 135, 2831-2839. MAXWELL, S. SMITH, M. (1992) Household food security: a conceptual review. Household Food Security: concepts, indicators, measurements. Edited by S. Maxwell and T. Frankenberger. Rome and New York: IFAD and UNICEF. MCCURDY, K. GORMAN, K. S. Measuring family food environments in diverse families with young children. Appetite, 54, 615-618. MOTIUR RAHMAN, P. M., MATSUI, N. IKEMOTO, Y. The chronically poor in rural Bangladesh livelihood constraints and capabilities. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY, Routledge. NARAYAN, A., YOSHIDA, N. ZAMAN, H. (2007) Trends and Patterns of Poverty in Bangladesh in Recent Years World Bank. PRB (2012) 2012 World Population Data Sheet Washington DC, Population Reference Bureau SAHA, K. K., FRONGILLO, E. A., ALAM, D. S., ARIFEEN, S. E., PERSSON, L. ÃÆ'. RASMUSSEN, K. M. (2009) Household food security is associated with growth of infants and young children in rural Bangladesh. Public Health Nutrition, 12, 1556-1562. SAHA, K. K., FRONGILLO, E. A., ALAM, D. S., ARIFEEN, S. E., PERSSON, L. ÃÆ'. K. RASMUSSEN, K. M. (2008) Household Food Security Is Associated with Infant Feeding Practices in Rural Bangladesh. The Journal of Nutrition, 138, 1383-1390. SIEFERT, K., HEFLIN, C. M., CORCORAN, M. E. WILLIAMS, D. R. (2004) Food Insufficiency and Physical and Mental Health in a Longitudinal Survey of Welfare Recipients. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 45, 171-186. UNITED NATIONS [UN] (2012) We can End Poverty 2015 Millennium Development Goals. WEAVER, L. J. HADLEY, C. (2009) Moving Beyond Hunger and Nutrition: A Systematic Review of the Evidence Linking Food Insecurity and Mental Health in Developing Countries. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 48, 263-284. WEBB, P. ROGERS, B. (2003) Addressing the In in Food Insecurity. Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project. Washingtin DC, USAID Office of Food for Peace. WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME [WFP] (2012) Food security at a Glance Bangladesh. Rome, World Food Programme.

A Mental Play About Everyday Language :: Dialogue Conversation Essays

A Mental Play About Everyday Language Characters: Alicia, an executive office worker Cindy, Alicia's secretary Mike, a local lawyer and acquaintance Carl, Alicia's husband Larry, one of Alicia's co-workers Mr. Alexander, a high standing government official Marnie, me, Alicia's friend and confidant Josh, Alicia's son PART I ALICIA: Cindy get me Mike on five please. CINDY: Alright. ALICIA: (on phone) Mike, it's Alicia Van Kleef. MIKE: (also on phone) Good morning Alicia. ALICIA: Say...I wanted to ask if you've heard anything new about the Dreyer case? Any ground-breaking material I should know or any new releases? MIKE: Dreyer...Martin Dreyer...yes. Another arraignment has been set for the fourteenth of next month with a few more pieces of evidence concerning the pre-event occurrences, and Judge Wilson is being replaced by Judge Lidboe. ALICIA: Any word yet about the plaintiff's tax evasion claim? MIKE: Other than the fact that they may have found more substantial material, I don't think their argument has changed. ALICIA: O.K. So the new hearing is on the fourteenth. MIKE: Yes. ALICIA: Great. Any particular reason for Judge Lidboe stepping in? MIKE: I heard that Wilson is taking another big case next week, and the court ruled that it was an open position for Lidboe then. ALICIA: Is that that upcoming negligence case from that Richland couple? MIKE: No, this is something out of down south. ALICIA: O.K. Thank you so much for the info, Mike. MIKE: No problem. ALICIA: I'll talk to you later. MIKE: O.K. ALICIA: Good bye. (She hangs up the phone.) CINDY: (entering office) Alicia, this is some mail that came in late yesterday, and a few reminders of things you wanted for today. ALICIA: Great. (paging through mail) Thanks Cindy. CINDY: You're welcome. Larry made some flavoured coffee from home this morning. It's pretty good. ALICIA: I'll have to give it a try before it's all gone. (mumbling to herself) I just hope Larry isn't hangin' around. (phone rings, CINDY waves and leaves the office) ALICIA: Hello, Alicia VanKleef speaking. CARL: Hey sexy. ALICIA: Hi Carl. CARL: How're you doin' so far? ALICIA: Just fine sweetie. I just got my coat off. CARL: Did you take anything else off? ALICIA: No, dear. Strip shows aren't allowed in the office. You know that. CARL: (laughing) Sorry. ALICIA: Did Josh find his other shoe this morning? CARL: Yeah, under his bed, like you said. ALICIA: He gets so frustrated over little things like that. CARL: He calmed down after he found it. ALICIA: Good. It was his jacket last week. CARL: Yeah.

Providence Within Romeo and Juliet

Shakespeare writes of a world marred by the petulant idiocy of the Montagues and the Capulets, requiring God to intervene in order for the quarrel to end. Romeo and Juliet are fated to be â€Å"A pair of star-cross’d lovers†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and are the living sacrifice necessary to end the feud. Providence utilizes the pressures of society and time to create whirling events established as fate within the play in order to impose a gentle ending for the lovers. Shakespeare establishes a forcefulness of fate and a great will of God in the life and death of Romeo and Juliet as a means to bring peace to the corrupted society of Verona. The public and private lives of Romeo and Juliet are greatly influenced by God’s unequivocal desire to end the disorder and chaos within Verona. Providence utilizes the pressures formed within Shakespeare’s society to aid in the death of Romeo and Juliet. The feud between the Montagues and the Capulets creates an undisputed loathing between the two families and yet, Romeo and Juliet manage to look deeper within identity and see beyond a family name. Juliet transcends beyond Romeo’s surname and knows that her love for Romeo lies within Romeo’s personality. â€Å"What’s in a name? That which we call a rose/ By any other word would smell as sweet. † (2. 2. 43-44) Though the lovers express a maturity in being able to come together privately and look beyond identity, the idea of Romeo and Juliet coming together is inconsistent to society. As a result, the lovers form their lives together in secrecy which results in Providence easily manipulating the course of the lovers as their love is unknown and disregarded within society. The secrecy of Romeo and Juliet’s love, and later marriage, causes Juliet to hurry into swift action which is later revealed. Friar Laurence, characterized by his wisdom and philosophy, is swayed in judgment as he begrudgingly weds Romeo and Juliet. The Friar agrees to oversee the marriage as it is his idea that the two families will be united through a sacrament between the couple and God. â€Å"For this alliance may so happy prove/ To turn your households’ rancour to pure love. † (2. 3. 91-92) Friar Laurence recognizes the need to end the feud as the quarrel between the two families will otherwise completely disunify society through violence and death. However, Friar is aware that the rash and impulsive decision to marry will cause the couple â€Å"[to] stumble as [they] run fast. † (2. 3. 94)- as Shakespeare is referring to the lovers, he evokes the death of the couple. Shakespeare establishes fairness within the law whilst also establishing Providence’s ability to manipulate fate through Romeo’s banishment. Romeo acts out of foolishness as a result of vengeance and fate. Romeo, after killing Tybalt in an attempt to avenge Mercutio’s death, is sentenced, by the law- giver Prince, to banishment as an acknowledgement of Romeo killing the murderer, Tybalt. Shakespeare evokes Providence’s desire to establish unity within Verona as the law is given fairly through Prince and additionally the tragedy of the lover’s demise is continued as a means to end the feud and restore order. Poverty, within Romeo and Juliet, aids in destroying the lives of the lovers. Romeo, stricken with grief at hearing of Juliet’s death, wishes to commit suicide and approaches a poor apothecary whom unwillingly agrees. â€Å"My poverty, but not my will, consents. † (5. 1. 5) Shakespeare establishes that the society he writes of creates a contrast of wealthy and poor resulting in the apothecary providing Romeo with an illegal poison and gaining money the apothecary believes may make him wealthy. The poison the apothecary provides Romeo with causes the physical death of Romeo and aids in the work of Providence as the demise of one lover ultimately kills the other. Romeo and Juliet’s deaths and the events that lead to their demise ar e a constant work of Providence. Shakespeare utilizes speed as evidence of the force of fate acting upon Romeo and Juliet as well as, an aid in the destruction of the lovers. Shakespeare builds a fast- paced world around Romeo and Juliet which results in swift and hazardous decision making. The final scene of the play, which details the death of the lovers, occurs quickly and hastily as Romeo swiftly slays Paris, drinks the poison, and dies within the tomb having Juliet, moments later, immediately commit suicide at seeing her love lying deceased upon the ground. Shakespeare establishes the reliance of time in regards to assisting Providence in the death of the lovers. Events happen at such a rapid pace, it results in an inability for characters to adhere to the Friar’s wisdom of properly contemplating situations and an inability to ponder a solution other than that of suicide which would attempt to counter Providence. The deaths of Romeo and Juliet are necessary sacrifices within Providence’s plan to restore unity, peace, and ease within Verona. The citizens of Verona are greatly influenced by a feud that Shakespeare leaves unexplained and unreasoned. Servants from either household are willing to fight for their masters, though not for a particular reason. â€Å"The quarrel is between our masters and us their men. † (1. 1. 18) Shakespeare emphasizes the need for a great sacrifice as Verona’s citizens are easily swayed into violence without proper reason, suggesting the inability for the law within Verona to overcome the violence resulting from the feud. The feud within Verona has resulted in a loss of human dignity and a disregard for life. Tybalt, upon recognizing Romeo’s voice at the Capulet’s banquet, is quick to assume Romeo has come to harm the Capulet’s in some way and swiftly admits â€Å"To strike him dead I hold it not a sin. † (1. 5. 58) The suicidal death of Romeo and Juliet reestablishes a regard for human life as the families witness the result of their children having lost a regard for their own lives. Providence required the death of the two lovers as their death effected both the Capulets and the Montagues in such a personal way as they realized the consequences of the feud the families had established. Romeo and Juliet are fated by Shakespeare to love and die as a means to end their parents’ feud. Providence is evident within the lovers’ lives and deaths as events occur out of fate. The disordered society of Verona pressures the lives of several characters to unknowingly aid in the destruction of the lovers. Time is evoked as being destructive as the rapid movement of time aids in the lovers’ dying at possibly avoidable moments. The forcefulness of fate and the will of God as a result of the lovers’ parents’ quarrel resulted in the death of Romeo and Juliet.

North Carolina During the Revo essays

North Carolina During the Revo essays The colony of North Carolina faced problems unique to itself preceding the Revolution. The colony had a general low diversity in its population, with most citizens being farmers. It suffered from internal unrest just before the American Revolution as a result of the War of Regulation (1768-1771). Also contributing to civil dismay within the colony was the large population of Tories, which later led to an overwhelming sense of anti-federalism within the colony. These factors contribute to a colony drowning in its own turmoil by the time any blood is shed on its land during the war itself (Crow 2). Farmers comprised the majority of the population in North Carolina at the time. The population was scattered with low density across the region from the coastline all the way to the Blue Ridge. There was no real presence of a colonial aristocracy. Most of the higher class evolved from families in the Albemarle and Cape Fear areas. Because of the low diversity throughout the colony, no real gentry class arose (Crow 2). There was a tremendous population increase around the middle of the 18th century (Crow 1). New settlers immigrated to the colony from Maryland Pennsylvania and New Jersey (Powell 105). The backcountry of the state filled, and with the population increase, they demanded more representation in the assembly. The easterners held power and opinion during that time, and refused to compromise. This in turn led to the War of Regulation in 1768, which pitted North Carolinian against North Carolinian. It was this variety of civil unrest that bred the staunch sectionalism within the Colony of North Carolina. There was never a real common thread of unity within the colony up to, and even after, the Revolution (Crow 2). The Tory population in North Carolina greatly outnumbered the Patriots. Here we have another example of the die-hard sectionalism in the Carolinas. It is always, North-South, East-West, Tory-Whig, or wha...

No Two Snowflakes Alike - True or False

No Two Snowflakes Alike - True or False Youve likely been told no two snowflakes are alike that each is as individual as a human fingerprint. Yet, if youve had the chance to closely examine snowflakes, some snow crystals do look like others. Whats the truth? It depends how closely you look. To understand why theres dispute about snowflake similarity, start by understanding how snowflakes work. How Snowflakes Form Snowflakes are crystals of water, which has the chemical formula H2O. There are multiple ways water molecules can bond and stack with each other, depending on the temperature, air pressure, and concentration of water in the atmosphere (humidity). Generally the chemical bonds in the water molecule dictate the traditional 6-sided snowflake shape. One a crystal starts forming, it uses the initial structure as the basis to form branches. The branches may continue to grow or they can melt and reform depending on conditions. Why Two Snowflakes Can Look the Same Since a group of snowflakes falling at the same time form under similar conditions, theres a decent chance if you look at enough snowflakes, two or more will look the same to the naked eye or under a light microscope. If you compare snow crystals at the early stages or formation, before they have had a chance to branch out much, the odds that two of them might look alike is high. Snow scientist  Jon Nelson at Ritsumeikan University in Kyoto, Japan, says snowflakes kept between  8.6 ºF and 12.2 ºF (-13 ºC and -11 ºC) maintain these simple structures for a long time and can fall to Earth, where it would be hard to tell them apart just looking at them. Although many snowflakes are six-sided branched structures (dendrites) or hexagonal plates, other snow crystals form needles, which basically look much like each other. Needles form between 21 °F and 25 °F and sometimes reach the ground intact. If you consider snow needles and columns to be snow flakes, you have examples of crystals that look alike. Why No Two Snowflakes Are Alike While snowflakes might appear the same, at a molecular level, its very nearly impossible for two to be the same. There are multiple reasons for this: Water is made from a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes. These isotopes have slightly different properties from each other, altering the crystal structure formed using them. While the three natural isotopes of oxygen dont significantly affect crystal structure, the three isotopes of hydrogen are distinctly different. About 1 in 3,000 water molecules contains the hydrogen isotope deuterium. Even if one snowflake contains the same number of deuterium atoms as another snowflake, they wont occur in the exact same places in the crystals.Snowflakes are made up of so many molecules, its unlikely any two snowflakes are exactly the same size. Snow scientist  Charles Knight with the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado estimates each snow crystal contains around 10,000,000,000,000,000,000 water molecules. The number of ways these molecules can arrange themselves is nearly infinite. Each snowflake is exposed to slightly different conditions, so even if you starte d with two identical crystals, they wouldnt be the same as each by the time they reached the surface. Its like comparing identical twins. They might share the same DNA, but they are different from each other, especially as time passes and they have unique experiences. Each snowflake forms around a tiny particle, like a dust mote or pollen particle. Since the shape and size of the starting material isnt the same, snowflakes dont even start out alike. To summarize, its fair to say sometimes two snowflakes look alike, especially if they are simple shapes, but if you examine any two snowflakes closely enough, each will be unique.

The role of race and class in the antebellum south Research Paper

The role of race and class in the antebellum south - Research Paper Example Elite white southerners viewed the change as an abolition of slavery (Fertig, 95). They believed that slavery was necessary to promote the new economy established. As such, they implemented codes that disallowed the ability for African-Americans to own or lease land, sing labor contracts, serve on juries, to vote, and testify against whites in a court of law. African-Americans did not have access to public schools whereas orphans were returned to their native countries. The elite southerners attempted to create a new economy and society because they had a comparative advantage in the production of cotton. The slaves, free blacks, and poor whites felt inferior after such a change. They believed that their providence of habits did not match that of the elite whites. As such, the notion of being inferior had a permanent defect of character that would gradually enslave them if they were to remain in such a state (Valdez,

Globalization and HRM Strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Globalization and HRM Strategies - Assignment Example Technology is a critical tool in competition as it is essential in ensuring quality of goods and services. Though it means increase in production costs of the company, technology as a tool ensures increase in sales and product quality to meet the ever increasing/ growing consumer expectations and taste. Additionally, globalization has seen that a company like Sony improves greatly on its information and knowledge transfer which, much like technology is important in helping the company stay connected and informed of emerging customer preferences. Information therefore enables adaptation to trends and its quick and effective transmission has become vital in customer retention and growth hence. Different cultures of the world have very little effect and impact on Sony and unlike most other multinational corporations, Sony has managed to break the barriers of culture across the globe by producing a wide range of high quality, sophisticated and culturally acceptable goods and services. In addition, Sony’s policy of recruiting from any culture, age, gender and other such barriers puts it in a favorable position for worldwide appeal and acceptance. However, the financial and credit services offered by Sony, for example, may receive negative and little acceptance in other parts of the world. Islam, for instance, strictly forbids the use of usury. In such areas, the company may be viewed in bad light and rejected altogether. This is highly unlikely however as Sony offers a wide range of services and products and if one of them is found to be unpalatable in a certain culture, other products eventually override this ‘dislike’ altogether and firmly establishes Sony in the area. Just like cultures, labor markets are of very... This paper approves that different cultures of the world have very little effect and impact on Sony and unlike most other multinational corporations, Sony has managed to break the barriers of culture across the globe by producing a wide range of high quality, sophisticated and culturally acceptable goods and services. In addition, Sony’s policy of recruiting from any culture, age, gender and other such barriers puts it in a favorable position for worldwide appeal and acceptance. According to the paper the human resource department spends much time with the new recruits in bid to get them fully on board with the objectives and strategies of the company and is focused on universal standard employment offering superior working conditions and paying employees their locally relevant wages. Sony also offers management training to promising recruits. IHRM plays an important role in ensuring productivity of Sony. There are a series of undertakings that the IHRM could pursue to ensure improved productivity and competitiveness of Sony globally. Seminars that serve to enlighten employees further on consumer needs and improve service delivery could be brought on board. The paper comes to the conclusion that Problem solving groups are essential and swift solution of arising issues or any quarrels act to minimize employee infighting and the distractive and destructive office gossip thus creating the much needed and indispensable harmonious, smooth working environment.